Undergraduate Course

DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOLOGY

 

UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE, MANDALAY

 

Third Year M.B., B.S.

Objective

To provide the learner with knowledge of principles and concept of General Pharmacology, and systemic pharmacology including pharmacological actions, therapeutic uses, untoward effects, contraindications, interactions and variability of responses to drugs. This would enable them during their clinical years to make correct choice of drugs, and allow them to develop rational prescribing habits, and as clinicians to make critical appraisal of promotive information flooding the drug market. 

 

 

TEACHING PROGRAMME STRUCTURE

TOPIC	Methods	Media	Total hours
General Pharmacology	Lecture Tutorials/Discussion Demonstration	LCD Projector Computer/Printer/ Scanner Microphone and Amplifier Manikin	10 5 4
Autonomic Nervous System: Sympathomimetics Sympatholytics Parasympathomimetics Parasympatholytics	Lecture Tutorials/discussion	LCD Projector Computer/Printer/ Scanner Microphone and Amplifier	10   4
Neuromuscular Blockers and Skeletal Muscle relaxants	Lecture Tutorial/discussion	LCD Projector Computer/Printer/ Scanner Microphone and Amplifier	1 1
Cardiovascular System: Congestive heart failure Anti-hypertensive agents Antiarrhythmic agents Anti-anginal agents Drug treatment of shock Lipid-lowering drugs Anticoagulants, thrombolytics, antiplatelets Clinical Pharmacology of CVS drugs	Lecture Tutorials/Discussion Therapeutic lecture		13 6 4
Treatment of Bronchial   Asthma and Cough Clinical Pharmacology	Lecture Tutorials/Discussion Therapeutic lecture	LCD Projector Computer/Printer/ Scanner Microphone and Amplifier	3 1 1
Central Nervous System: Sedatives, anxiolytics and hypnotics Anticonvulsants General Anaesthetics Local Anaesthetic Agents          Psychotropic Analgesics: Narcotic analgesics and  NSAIDs Drugs treatment of gout Drugs used in Parkinsonism and Alzheimer's Disease Clinical Pharmacology	Lecture Tutorials/discussion Therapeutic lecture	LCD Projector Computer/Printer/ Scanner Microphone and Amplifier	16   8 4
GI Pharmacology Drugs for peptic ulcer Laxatives and cathartics Antidiarrhoeals Emetics and antiemetics Drugs acting on GI motility Clinical Pharmacology	Lecture Tutorial/Discussions Therapeutic lecture		6 3 1
Autacoids and their antagonist Histamine and   antihistamines Eicosanoids & Vasoactive Polypeptides	Lecture Tutorial/ Discussion		2 1
Renal Pharmacology: Diuretics   Fluid and electrolyte	Lecture Tutorial/Discussions Lecture		4 1 2
Antimicrobial Agents Penicillins & beta-lactam    antibiotics, Macrolides,    polypeptides, Aminoglycosides, Quinolones, Tetracyclines, Chloramphenicol Sulphonamides, Newer antibiotics Antifungal Agents Antiviral Agents Clinical Pharmacology of Antibiotics	Lectures Tutorial/Discussions problem solving and comments on prescriptions Therapeutic lecture		12 6 3
Chemotherapy of        Infections: Antimalarial agents  Chemotherapy of Tuberculosis, leprosy  Amoebiasis, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Helminthiasis Clinical Pharmacology of specific Chemotherapy	Lectures Tutorial/Discussions problem solving and comments on prescriptions Therapeutic lecture		9 5 2
Endocrine Pharmacology Adrenal corticosteroids Thyroid and antithyroid Antidiabetic agents Sex Hormones & their antagonists Clinical Pharmacology	Lecture Tutorial/Discussions Therapeutic lecture		8 4 2
Drugs affecting the uterine motility	Lecture Tutorial/Discussions		1 1
Chelating Agents	Lecture		1
Antianaemic Agents	Lecture		1
Cancer chemotherapy and Immunomodulators Clinical Pharmacology of anticancer	Lecture Tutorial/Discussions Therapeutic lecture		3 1 1
Essential Drugs Concept  and Rational Prescribing Practice	Lecture Problem solving & Comment on prescription		2 8 7
Use of drug in risk patients (pregnancy & lactation)	Lecture		1
Drugs used in obesity	Lecture		1
Adverse Drug Reactions	Lecture		2
Overview of clinical trials	Lecture		2
Applied pharmacology Clinical Pharmacokinetics Drug Interactions Comments on a Prescription Choice of Drugs Sums on solution Child dose calculation	Lecture Tutorial/ Discussion Assignements		18
Medical Ethics in Pharmacology	Lecture, case scenarios Small group discussion		2
Students’ Research	Group work Presentation		7
Tests	Written		17
TOTAL			238 hrs

Elective: given time for student’s presentation on HIV/ Malaria/TB

N.B – Integrated teaching among the disciplines (Pathology, Microbiology, Pharmacology, and  Medicine) are done wherever relevant such as on the topic like HIV, Malaria, TB, enteric fever, pneumonia, urinary tract infection, hypertension, heart failure, ischaemic heart disease, gout, antithrombotic agents, hyperlipidaemia, anticoagulants, pain therapy, anticancer drugs, diabetes mellitus.

EVALUATION (STUDENT ASSESSMENT)

           

SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT

1. Class work                            30%  (by 4 written tests)

   Theory Test I       ---------  (7 %)

   Theory Test II     ---------   (7%)

   Theory Test III   ----------  (7 %)

   Applied test        ----------  (9%)                     

2. Final examination    70%

1. Paper I:  Basic Pharmacology      (50%)
2. Paper II: Applied Pharmacology  (20%)

           

1. Method

Written test    (Distinction is decided by Viva Voce for distinction students)  

2. Instrument (Qs type)           MCQ/MSQ/Problem solving

3. Venue                                  Exam Hall

• Pass marks (Compartment system): 3 compartments are evaluated separately and must have 50% each for clear pass.

1.      Class work (30%)

1. Final Exam paper I (50%)
2. Final Exam paper II (Applied Pharmacology) (20%)

                         

• Moderated pass:                                         46% in only one compartment

• Distinction marks:                                      75% for every compartment

• (F) System  :                                               3F

• Supplementary examination is to be held 6 weeks later.

PRESCRIBED TEXTBOOKS

1. Clinical Pharmacology (Latest Edition). PN Bennett, MJ Brown, and Sharma P      (eds), Churchill Livingstone, UK
2. Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (Latest Edition). B G Katzung,  Appleton Lange, USA

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Applied Pharmacology (Latest Edition). Bardal SK, Waechter  JE and Martin DS (eds),  Elsevier Saunders
2. Pharmacology (Latest Edition). Brenner GM, Stevens CW (eds), Saunders, USA.
3. Goodman & Gilman’s: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics (Latest Edition). Brunton LL, Chabner BA, Knollmann BC (eds), The McGraw-Hill Companies Inc., USA.
4. Kumar  and Clark’s Clinical medicine (Latest Edition), Student consult,  Kumar P and Clark M (eds), Elsevier Saunders
5. Davison’s Principle and Practice of Medicine (Latest Edition), NR Colledge, BR alker and SH Ralston (eds). Churchill Livingstone, Elsevier.
6. Essentials of Medical Pharmacology (Latest Edition), Tripathi KD, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd, New Delhi.
7. Flesh and bones of Medical Pharmacology (Latest Edition), Spina D (eds), Elsevier, Philadelphia, USA
8. British National Formulary (Latest Edition), UK
9. Brody’s Human Pharmacology: Molecular to Clinical (Latest Edition). Wecker L, Crespo L.M, Dunaway G, Faingold C, Watts S (eds), Elsevier, Philadelphia, USA
10. Towards Prescribing Practice (2007), Mckinnon J (ed), John Wiley & Sons Ltd, , England